Gum Disease

What is Gum Disease?

Gum disease is caused by plaque, a sticky film of bacteria that constantly forms on the teeth. These bacterium create toxins that can damage gums.

Plaque spreads to the roots and infection occurs, damaging the supporting bone and fibers.
Gums may separate from the tooth and start to recede. A pocket forms below the gum line and traps plaque and food particles.

In the later stages of periodontitis, infection further destroys the supporting bone and fibers.
The gum recedes even more.
The tooth may shift or loosen, and the bite may change.
If treatment can't save the tooth, a dentist may decide to remove it to prevent further damage.

Brush your teeth with toothpaste twice a day.
This removes the film of bacteria from the teeth. Be sure to use a soft-bristled toothbrush that is in good condition and/or and electric toothbrush.
Clean between your teeth every day.
Cleaning between your teeth with floss removes bacteria and food particles from between the teeth, where a toothbrush can't reach. Early gum disease can often be reversed by daily brushing and flossing.
Eat a balanced diet.
Choose a variety of foods from the basic food groups, such as bread, cereals, and other grain products, fruits and vegetables, meat, poultry and fish, and dairy products such as milk, cheese and yogurt. Limit snacks between meals.
Visit your dentist regularly
It is important to have regular dental checkups and professional cleanings, which are essential to preventing periodontal diseases.

Brushing, flossing, and professional cleanings help remove the plaque that eventually causes gum disease.

Plaque and tartar are scraped off the tooth's crown and roots. Scaling is usually performed with root planing.

The rough surfaces of the tooth are smoothed, allowing the gum to heal. The procedure may take several appointments.

The gum is lifted from the tooth and bone so infection can be removed. The infected bone may also be reshaped.
After surgery, the gum is repositioned and sutured to hold it in place until it heals.

If you notice any of the following signs of gum disease, see your dentist immediately: